The development history of marine 5083 marine aluminum plate
Aluminum alloys can be divided into two categories: one is deformed aluminum alloys, which are used for processing semi-finished products such as plates, strips, foils, tubes, bars, profiles, wires, powders and forgings; the other is cast aluminum alloys, which are used for casting various aluminum alloys. kinds of castings and die castings. Among them, the former is the most widely used in marine engineering. Because aluminum alloy has the characteristics of high specific strength, strong resistance to seawater corrosion, weldability, easy processing and forming, strong recyclability, good environmental protection, no low temperature brittleness, no magnetism, no sparking due to magnetic collision, etc., the application of marine grade 5083 aluminum plate in the ocean In the project, the quality of the ship can be effectively reduced, the stability and the sailing speed can be improved. Therefore, at present, aluminum alloy has become one of the main structural materials of ships in many countries in the world, and is widely used in the construction of coastal, lakeside and riverside facilities. Figure 1 shows the aluminum structure of a coastal building. Due to the high corrosion resistance of aluminum, it can be used for 30 years without painting and maintenance. Aluminium's non-sparking properties on impact make it particularly suitable for the manufacture of marine components and structures that come into contact with flammable materials and oils, greatly reducing the risk of fire.
Marine grade 5083 aluminum plate
At present, the use of aluminum in the shipbuilding industry is not much, and the global aluminum consumption in 2013 accounted for about 1.1% of its total consumption. In 2012, Japan's domestic aluminum consumption was 974.4kt, of which the transportation consumption was 159.0kt (139.0kt in the automobile industry, accounting for 87.42% of the total, and the domestic consumption of extruded aluminum was 784.5kt, of which the transportation consumption was 141.9kt (131.6kt in the automobile industry, accounting for 87.42%). 92.94%), the use of these two types of aluminum in transportation accounts for 17.11% of the total consumption, while the automobile industry accounts for 89.93% of transportation materials, and the aviation industry and marine engineering account for less than 10%. Japan is an aerospace industry underdeveloped countries,
The aluminum alloy structure of Chinese ships is different from that of Japan. Japan is a big country in the manufacture of LNG (liquefied natural gas) ships. The ship has four huge LNG storage tanks welded with marine 5083 aluminum plates. Ultra-low temperature brittle iron-nickel-manganese steel is used to build LNG ships, and China only manufactures some marine-grade 5083 aluminum sheets to manufacture small and medium-sized ships. However, with the acceleration and improvement of the process of my country's maritime power, the aluminum consumption of ships, ships and marine engineering will increase greatly, but the average annual growth rate will not exceed 7.
The industrial production of aluminum began in 1988 when the world's first aluminum plant, the Pittsburgh Metallurgical Company of the United States, was put into operation. In 1891, the shipbuilding industry used the aluminum produced by the plant for the first time to manufacture ship parts. After more than 120 years of research and development, aluminum has become more and more widely used in ships and marine engineering, and has become one of the most promising materials in these fields.
The earliest aluminum alloys used in shipbuilding are Ni-containing Al-Cu alloys, followed by 2000 series alloys, but their corrosion resistance to seawater is not high, which limits their application in the shipbuilding industry.
In the 1930s, 6061-T6 alloy was used, and the hull was made by riveting. Corrosion-resistant 5xxx series alloys can be welded in the 1940s, and TIG (tungsten inert gas) welding technology was adopted in the 1950s. During this period, the application of aluminum alloys in shipbuilding has made great progress. H321 alloy plate, 5086-H111 and 5456-H111 alloy extruded profiles eliminate the Al8Mg5 composite network film precipitated along the crystal, and solve the problems of exfoliation corrosion and intergranular corrosion due to the use of H116 and H117 states, which is of milestone significance Advances in the development of naval aluminum alloys in the 1960s. Subsequently, due to the need for materials with higher yield strengths, the 6xxx series alloys were widely used in naval vessel construction. For a long period of time, European, American and Japanese countries mainly used hull aluminum alloys in 5000 series alloys and 6000 series alloys, while the Soviet Union chose more 2xxx series alloys. Before the reform and opening up, the Chinese navy mainly followed the Soviet Union. Since 1980, it has followed Europe, America and Japan more. After 2010, independent innovation has been gradually strengthened. Since the 1970s, the research on medium-strength weldable 7xxx series alloys has been increasing, and some progress has been made, which has been applied to shipbuilding.
After the 1970s, the rationalization and weight reduction of naval structures have been paid more and more attention, and aluminum alloys have been widely used in the superstructure and outfitting parts of large ships. To this end, many aluminum alloys and materials for these fields were developed during this period, including extruded profiles of special specifications, large wide extruded panels and castings.